Difference Between Roth IRA and 401K

For many years, the only choice for a retirement savings account was the 401K. In 2006 the Roth IRA was introduced, giving companies and employees an alternative. At first glance, these savings accounts appear very similar, but a deeper look will unveil critical differences between them. Selecting the appropriate account could equate to thousands or even millions of dollars during retirement. Let’s explore the main features of each account, key differences, and the benefits they offer.

IRA vs 401K Difference

A 401K is a retirement savings account that companies offer their employees. You contribute a portion of your pre-tax pay, and employers may make an additional contribution, even matching yours in some cases. An IRA (Individual Retirement Account) is a retirement savings account that you can open yourself. The contributions that you make to an IRA are also made with pre-tax money. Both accounts offer tax efficiencies, but there are some major differences between them.

Employers host 401K accounts, and you become part of the program by working for the company. You can accumulate multiple 401K accounts throughout your working years, but each will reside with that company until transitioned out in some way. An IRA is opened and managed independently, offering more flexibility, but you will be the only contributing party.

Another substantial difference between a traditional IRA account and a 401K is the contribution limit. You are permitted to contribute $19,500 annually to a 401K, while an IRA only allows you to contribute $6,000. With the growth potential that your money has over the years, a higher contribution limit can significantly impact your overall balance.

IRA vs 401K Benefits

Each retirement savings account has its own set of benefits. You may even find out that having both types of accounts can further improve your saving potential.

401K Benefits

Employer Contributions

Many employers will contribute to their employee’s 401Ks, and some will even match the contributions. This offers the potential for accelerated accumulation and compounded growth over time.

Higher Contribution Limits

The much higher annual contribution limit with a 401K is more than three times a traditional IRA. Employer contributions are not included in the limit.

Immediate Tax Savings

Contributions are made with pre-tax dollars, directly lowering your taxable income for the current year.

IRA Benefits

Investment Selection

An IRA allows you to invest in various stocks, bonds, mutual funds, or EFTs, compared to a 401K, which offers a much smaller selection.

Tax Deferral 

The money you contribute to a traditional IRA is tax-deductible in the year the contributions are made. Making IRA contributions is an excellent way to lighten your tax burden for the current year.

Potential for Early Withdrawal

Money can be taken out of an IRA to finance college or a first-time home purchase penalty-free.

401K vs IRA vs. Roth IRA

While Roth IRAs are similar to traditional IRAs, there are some distinct differences.

Roth IRA Benefits

Tax-Free Growth

Contributions you make to a Roth IRA are after-tax dollars, which means your money will grow tax-free over time. As such, the withdrawals you make during retirement are not subject to taxes. This is especially beneficial to those who expect to be in a higher tax bracket when they enter their golden years.

No Required Minimum Distributions

You are free to leave your money in a Roth IRA as long as you like. Traditional IRAs and 401Ks mandate that you start making minimum withdrawals at the age of 72.

As you can see, there are various options for retirement savings accounts, and it can be overwhelming to process. Creative Financial Group is pleased to offer advisory services that will streamline the decision-making process and help you effectively prepare for retirement.